레이블이 University of Florida Economics인 게시물을 표시합니다. 모든 게시물 표시

2013년 12월 4일 수요일

오후 1:09

By Roy Hou

In: Applied Economics FSU, Economics of Florida, Florida State Economics Department, FSU Economics Department, Online PhD Economics Florida, University of Florida Economic Research, University of Florida Economics, University of Florida PhD Economics

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Ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｔｅｄ               Ｓｔａｔｅｓ               Ｆｏｏｄ               ａｎｄ               Ｄｒｕｇ               Ａｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ               ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｓ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｔｈａｎ               35               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ               ｈｅａｄ               ｏｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ               ａｒｅ               ｒａｉｓｅｄ               ａｎｄ               ｓｌａｕｇｈｔｅｒｅｄ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｔｅｄ               Ｓｔａｔｅｓ               ｅａｃｈ               ｙｅａｒ.

Ｂｅｅｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ               ｓｅｎｄ               ｔｏ               ｆｅｅｄｌｏｔｓ               ｆｏｒ               ａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅｌｙ               120               ｄａｙｓ               ｔｏ               ｇａｉｎ               ｗｅｉｇｈｔ               ｐｒｉｏｒ               ｔｏ               ｓｌａｕｇｈｔｅｒ.

Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               ＵＳ               Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               Ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ               (ＵＳＤＡ),               ｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔｓ               ｉｎ               ｆｅｅｄｌｏｔｓ               ｉｎ               Ｊｕｌｙ               2006,               ｔｏｔａｌｅｄ               1.96               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ,               17               ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔ               ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               Ｊｕｌｙ               2005,               ａｎｄ               14               ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔ               ａｂｏｖｅ               2004.

Ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               Ｊｕｌｙ               2006,               ｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ               ａｎｄ               ｃａｌｖｅｓ               ｉｎ               ｆｅｅｄｌｏｔｓ               ｗｅｉｇｈｔｅｄ               ｌｅｓｓ               ｔｈａｎ               600               ｐｏｕｎｄｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               570,000               ｈｅａｄ,               600               ｔｏ               699               ｐｏｕｎｄｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               403,000               ｈｅａｄ,               700               ｔｏ               799               ｐｏｕｎｄｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               490,000               ｈｅａｄ               ａｎｄ               800               ｐｏｕｎｄ               ａｎｄ               ｇｒｅａｔｅｒ               ｗｅｒｅ               500,000               ｈｅａｄ.

Ｗｈｅｎ               ａ               ｃｏｗ               ｏｒ               ｃａｌｖｅ               ｇｅｔｓ               ｓｉｃｋ,               ｒｅｍａｉｎｓ               ｌｏｎｇｅｒ               ａｔ               ａ               ｆｅｅｄｌｏｔ,               ｕｎｔｉｌ               ｉｔ               ｒｅｇａｉｎｓ               ｗｅｉｇｈｔ.

Ｓｏｍｅ               ｅｘｐｅｒｔｓ               ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｗｏ               ｏｒ               ｔｈｒｅｅ               ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｂｅｅｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ               ａｒｅ               ｓｉｃｋ               ａｔ               ａｎｙ               ｇｉｖｅｎ               ｔｉｍｅ.

Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙｉｎｇ               ａ               ｓｉｃｋ               ａｎｉｍａｌ               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｗｈａｎｄｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｒｉｄｅ               ｅｖｅｒｙ               ｄａｙ,               ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ               ｆｅｅｄ               ｐｅｎｓ.

Ｉｆ               ａｎ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｉｓ               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ,               ｂｙ               ａ               ｒｕｎｎｙ               ｎｏｓｅ               ｏｒ               ｗａｔｅｒｙ               ｅｙｅｓ,               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｂｅ               ｒｅｍｏｖｅｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｅｒｄ               ａｎｄ               ｔａｋｅｎ               ｔｏ               ａ               ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌ               ｐｅｎ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ｇｉｖｅｎ               ｍｅｄｉｃａｔｉｏｎ               ａｎｄ               ｒｅｄｕｃｅｄ               ａｍｏｕｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｆｏｏｄ,               ｕｎｔｉｌ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌ               ｉｓ               ｒｅｓｔｏｒｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｈｅａｌｔｈ.

Ｏｎｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｈｅａｌｔｈ               ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｓ               ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ               ｉｓ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｇ               ｏｒ               ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｎｇ               ｉｍｍｅｄｉａｔｅｌｙ               ｍａｄ               ｃｏｗ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ｏｒ               Ｂｏｖｉｎｅ               Ｓｐｏｎｇｉｆｏｒｍ               Ｅｎｃｅｐｈａｌｏｐａｔｈｙ               (ＢＳＥ),               ａ               ｓｌｏｗｌｙ               ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｉｖｅ,               ｄｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｖｅ               ｆａｔａｌ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ,               ａｆｆｅｃｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ               ｎｅｒｖｏｕｓ               ｓｙｓｔｅｍ               ｏｆ               ａｄｕｌｔ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｔｅｄ               Ｓｔａｔｅｓ               Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               Ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ               ｉｍｍｅｄｉａｔｅｌｙ               ｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｗ'ｓ               ｍｅａｔ               ｎｏｔ               ｅｎｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｏｏｄ               ｓｕｐｐｌｙ               ａｎｄ               /               ｏｒ               ｔｒａｃｅｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ｍａｒｋｅｔｐｌａｃｅ.

Ｅａｔｉｎｇ               ｍｅａｔ               ｆｒｏｍ               ａ               ＢＳＥ               -               ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ               ｂｅｅｆ,               ａ               ｐｅｒｓｏｎ               ｉｓ               ａｔ               ｈｉｇｈ               ｒｉｓｋ               ｔｏ               ｇｅｔ               ｈｕｍａｎ               ｆｏｒｍ               ｏｆ               ＢＳＥ               ｃａｌｌｅｄ               Ｃｒｅｕｔｚｆｅｌｄｔ-Ｊａｋｏｂ               (ＣＪＤ),               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｉｎｖａｒｉａｂｌｙ               ｉｓ               ａ               ｆａｔａｌ               ｂｒａｉｎ               ｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒ.

Ｉｎ               2003,               ｅｘｐｏｒｔｓ               ｏｆ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               ｂｅｅｆ               ｗｏｒｔｈ               $3.9               ｂｉｌｌｉｏｎ               ｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙ,               Ｊａｐａｎ               ｗｏｒｔｈ               ｉｓ               $1.4               ｂｉｌｌｉｏｎ.

Ｗｏｒｌｄｗｉｄｅ               ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｔｅｄ               Ｓｔａｔｅｓ               ｅｘｐｏｒｔｓ               ｂｅｅｆ               ｔｏ               69               ｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ,               ｎｏｔ               ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ               Ｊａｐａｎ.

Ｇｒｅａｔｅｓｔ               ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ               ｏｆ               ｂｅｅｆ               ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ,               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙ               ａｓ               ｓｏｏｎ               ａｓ               ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ               ａ               ｃｏｗ               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｍａｄ               ｃｏｗ               ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ               ａｎｄ               ｑｕｉｃｋｌｙ               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙ               ａｎｙ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ａｒｅ               ｓｉｃｋ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｎｅｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ｄｅｓｔｒｏｙｅｄ               ｏｒ               ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ               ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ.

Ａ               ｎｅｗ               ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ               ｉｓ               ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙ               ｓｉｃｋ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｓｏｏｎｅｒ               ｔｈｅｎ               ｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｌｙ               ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ,               ａｎｄ               ｋｎｏｗｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ.
               Ｉｎ               2003,               ＴｅＫＶｅｔ               (ｆｏｒｍｅｒｌｙ               ＣＯＬＴ               Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ),               ＬＬＣ               ｗａｓ               ｆｏｒｍｅｄ               ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ               ａ               ｐｒｉｖａｔｅｌｙ               ｈｅｌｄ               Ｕｔａｈ               -               ｂａｓｅｄ               ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｍａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｅｒ               ｏｆ               ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ               ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ               ｏｂｊｅｃｔ,               ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ               ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ,               ａ               ｗｉｒｅｌｅｓｓ               ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｌｏｗｅｒ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ               ｃｏｓｔｓ,               ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅ               ｐｒｏｆｉｔｓ               ａｎｄ               ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ               ｓａｆｅｔｙ.

ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ｃｒｅａｔｅｄ               ａ               ｗｉｒｅｌｅｓｓ               ｅａｒ               ｔａｇ               (Ｓｉｍｉｌａｒ               ｔｏ               ｔａｇｓ               ｕｓｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｂｅｅｆ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｒｓ,               ｒａｎｃｈｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｄａｉｒｙ               ｆａｒｍｅｒｓ.),               ｔｈｅ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ＳｍａｒｔＳｅｎｓｏｒ(ＴＭ),               ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓ               ａ               ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ               ｔｈｅｒｍｏｍｅｔｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ               ｃｈｉｐ               ｔｈａｔ               ｌｉｖｅｓｔｏｃｋ               ｍａｎａｇｅｒｓ               ｃａｎ               ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕａｌｌｙ               ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ               ｇａｔｈｅｒｅｄ               ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓ               ａ               ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ               ｃｏｒｅ               ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ               (Ｃａｔｔｌｅ               ｂｏｄｙ               ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ               ｓａｆｅｌｙ               ｖａｒｙ:               Ｆｒｏｍ               99.5               -               103.5               ｄｅｇｒｅｅｓ               Ｆａｈｒｅｎｈｅｉｔ.),               ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｓ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ               ｍｉｇｈｔ               ｂｅ               ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ               ｓｉｃｋ               (Ｆｌｅｘｉｂｌｅ               ｔｈｅｒｍｏｍｅｔｅｒ               ｉｓ               ｉｎｓｅｒｔｅｄ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｅａｒ               ｃａｎａｌ.

Ｉｔ'ｓ               ｐｌａｓｔｉｃ               ｈｏｕｓｉｎｇ               ｏｆｆｅｒｓ               ｄｕｒａｂｉｌｉｔｙ               ａｎｄ               ｍａｄｅ               ｗａｔｅｒｐｒｏｏｆ.)               ｔｈｕｓ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｇ               ｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ.

Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               ＤｅｅＶｏｎ               Ｂａｉｌｅｙ,               ａ               ＵＳＵ               ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒ               ｏｆ               ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ               ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓ               ｓｔａｔｅｄ               (Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ               ＩＰＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ.ｃｏｍ               Ａｒｔｉｃｌｅ               ｄａｔｅｄ               Ｊｕｌｙ               10,               2006:               "Ｅａｒ               ｓｅｎｓｏｒ               ｔｒａｃｋｓ               ｈｅａｌｔｈ               ｏｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ):               "Ｃｏｒｅ               ｂｏｄｙ               ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｓｔ               ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｏｒ               ｏｆ               ｈｅａｌｔｈ               ｉｎ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｌａｒｇｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ."               Ａｌｓｏ,               ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ               ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ               ａｎｉｍａｌ'ｓ               ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ               ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｅｄ               ｂｙ               ａ               ｓｅｎｓｏｒ:               Ｔｈｅ               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ               ｎｕｍｂｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｃｏｒｅ               ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ               ｄａｔａ,               ａ               ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ               ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｓ               (Ｋｅｅｐｉｎｇ               ｔｒａｃｋ               ｏｆ               ｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌ               ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ.)               ｆｏｒ               ｅａｃｈ               ａｎｉｍａｌ               ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ａ               ｒａｎｇｅ               ｅｖｅｒｙ               ｈｏｕｒ.

Ｅａｃｈ               ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ               ｈａｓ               ａ               ｒａｎｇｅ               ｏｆ               300               ｔｏ               500               ｆｅｅｔ               (Ｗｉｔｈｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               418Ｍｈｚ               ｒａｎｇｅ).

Ｔｈｅ               Ｆｅｄｅｒａｌ               Ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ               ａｐｐｒｏｖｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｄａｔａ               ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ               ｆｏｒ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ｓｙｓｔｅｍ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｄａｔａ               ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｅｄ               ｃａｎ               ｂｅ               ｕｓｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｒｅｎｄ               ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ               ｔｏ               ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅ               ｈｅｒｄ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ,               ｒｅｄｕｃｅ               ｏｖｅｒａｌｌ               ｄｅａｔｈ               ｔｏｌｌ               ａｎｄ               ｕｐｌｏａｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ＳｍａｒｔＮｅｗｏｒｋ               Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ               Ｃｅｎｔｅｒ(ＴＭ),               ｗｈｅｒｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｄａｔａ               ｉｓ               ｃｏｍｐｉｌｅｄ               ａｎｄ               ｍａｄｅ               ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               (Ｕｔｉｌｉｚｉｎｇ               ＳｍａｒｔＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ               ｓｏｆｔｗａｒｅ)               ｆｏｒ               ａｃｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ               ｂｙ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｒｓ               ｖｉａ               ｔｈｅ               Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ.

Ｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｎｇ               ｉｌｌｎｅｓｓｅｓ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｑｕｉｃｋｌｙ               ｈｅｌｐｓ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｒｓ               ｕｓｅ               ｆｅｗｅｒ               ａｎｔｉｂｉｏｔｉｃｓ               ａｎｄ               ｒｅｄｕｃｅｓ               ｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｒｓ               ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ               ｒｅｇａｒｄｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｕｓｅ               ｏｆ               ａｎｔｉｂｉｏｔｉｃｓ               ｉｎ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ.
               Ｉｎ               Ｊｕｌｙ               2006,               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ａｎｎｏｕｎｃｅｄ               ｏｕｔｆｉｔｔｅｄ               ａ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｒｕｇｇｅｄ               ｄｅｓｉｇｎ               ａｎｄ               ｌｏｎｇｅｒ               ｌａｓｔｉｎｇ               ｂａｔｔｅｒｙ,               ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃａｌｌｙ               ｄｅｓｉｇｎｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ               ｕｓｅ               ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｏｖｅｒ               ａ               ｔｗｏ               -               ｙｅａｒ               ｐｅｒｉｏｄ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｓｔ               ｐｅｒ               ｕｎｉｔ               ｉｓ               $20               ｅａｃｈ.

Ｅａｃｈ               ｕｎｉｔ               ｉｓ               ｃａｐａｂｌｅ               ｏｆ               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ｕｓｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｕｐ               ｔｗｏ               ｙｅａｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ａｓ               ｍａｎｙ               ａｓ               ｓｉｘ               ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ               ａｎｉｍａｌｓ,               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｏｒ               ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ               ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ａｍｏｒｔｉｚｅｄ               ｃｏｓｔ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｗｏ               -               ｐｅｒｉｏｄ               ｐｅｒ               ａｎｉｍａｌ               ｉｓ               $3.30               ｏｒ               ｌｏｗｅｒ.

               Ｉｎ               Ｍａｙ               2006,               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ｓｉｇｎｅｄ               ｄｅａｌｓ               ｔｏ               ｂｅｇｉｎ,               ｄｅｐｌｏｙｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ               ｔｏ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｆｅｅｄｌｏｔ               ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｉｎ               Ｎｅｂｒａｓｋａ,               Ｔｅｘａｓ,               Ｏｋｌａｈｏｍａ,               Ｕｔａｈ,               ａｎｄ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｆｏｒｅｉｇｎ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｒｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ               ｉｓ               ｓｅｅｋｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               ｐａｒｔｎｅｒ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｉｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ               ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎｓ               ｔｏ               ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ               ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ               ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ.

Ａｌｒｅａｄｙ,               ｅｎｔｅｒｅｄ               ｉｎｔｏ               ａ               ｐａｒｔｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ               ｗｉｔｈ               Ｕｔａｈ               Ｓｔａｔｅ               Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ.

Ｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇ               ｉｎ               Ｓｅｐｔｅｍｂｅｒ               2006,               ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ               ｗｉｌｌ               ｄｅｐｌｏｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｖｉｃｅｓ               ｏｎ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｄａｉｒｙ               ａｎｄ               ｂｅｅｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ.

ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ               ｓｉｇｎｅｄ               ａ               ｆｉｖｅ               ｙｅａｒ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ               ｔｏ               ｏｕｔｓｏｕｒｃｅ               ｍａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎｗｉｄｅ               Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ               Ｉｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅｄ,               ａ               Ｆｌｏｒｉｄａ               ｂａｓｅｄ               ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ,               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｔｈａｎ               ｆｉｖｅ               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ               ｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｓｉｘ               ｍｏｎｔｈｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ａｇｒｅｅｍｅｎｔ.

Ａｌｓｏ,               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ｉｎｉｔｉａｔｅｄ               ａ               ｇｒａｎｔ               ｐｒｏｇｒａｍ,               ｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇ               ｆｒｅｅ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ               ｔｏ               ｅｌｉｇｉｂｌｅ               ｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎａｌ               ａｎｄ               ｎｏｎｐｒｏｆｉｔ               ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎｓ.
               Ｆｕｔｕｒｅ               ｕｐｇｒａｄｅ               ｏｆ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ｓｙｓｔｅｍ               ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓ               ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇ               ｂｌｏｏｄ               ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ,               ｈｅａｒｔ               ｒａｔｅ               ａｎｄ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｖｉｔａｌ               ｓｉｇｎｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ               ｉｓ               ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｉｎｇ               ａｄｖｅｒｔｉｓｉｎｇ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ               ｌａｂｅｌｅｄ               ｉｎ               ｓｕｐｅｒｍａｒｋｅｔｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ               ｍａｄｅ               ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔ               ｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｒｓ               ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓ,               ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ               ｃｏｄｅ               ｏｎ               ｅａｃｈ               ｍｅａｔ               ｐａｃｋａｇｅ,               ａｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｕｙｅｒ               ｔｏ               ｅｎｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｄｅ               ｏｎｌｉｎｅ               ａｎｄ               ｔｒａｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ａｎｉｍａｌ               ｆｒｏｍ               ａｎｙ               ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒ               ｃｕｔ               ｏｆ               ｍｅａｔ.
               Ｔｅｋｖｅｔ,               ＬＣＣ               ａｐｐｏｉｎｔｅｄ               Ｓｃｏｔｔ               Ｖａｎ               Ｏｒｍａｎ               ａｓ               ｄｉｒｅｃｔｏｒ               ｏｆ               Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ               ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ               ｌａｕｎｃｈｅｄ               ａ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｍａｒｋｅｔｉｎｇ               ａｎｄ               ａｄｖｅｒｔｉｓｉｎｇ               ｃａｍｐａｉｇｎ               ｔｏ               ｅｄｕｃａｔｅ               Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ               ｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｒｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ               ｏｆ               ｂｅｅｆ,               ｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇ               ａ               ｍｅｔｈｏｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｒａｃｋｉｎｇ,               ｔｒａｃｉｎｇ               ａｎｄ               ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｈｅａｌｔｈ               ｏｆ               ｃａｔｔｌｅ,               ｂｙ               ｉｔｓ               ＴａｋＶｅｔ               Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ.

Ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｓ               ｔｈｅ               Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ               ｐｅｏｐｌｅ               ｈａｖｅ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｇ               ａｎｄ               ｐｒｏｈｉｂｉｔｉｎｇ               ａｎｙ               ｍａｄ               ｃｏｗ               ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ               ｅｎｔｅｒｉｎｇ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｆｏｏｄ               ｃｈａｉｎ.

               Ｆｏｒ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｎ               ＴｅｋＶｅｔ               Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ,               ｃｏｎｔａｃｔ:               ｈｔｔｐ://ｗｗｗ.ｔｅｋ.ｃｏｍ/               ｏｒ               ｃａｌｌ
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Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｏｆ               Ｍａｊｏｒ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               (ＭＬＢ)               ｆｒｏｍ               1969-1984,               ａ               ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ               ｔｈａｔ               ａｒｇｕａｂｌｙ               ｉｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ               ｅｐｏｃｈ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｋｎｏｗｎ               ａｓ               "Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ'ｓ               Ｐａｓｔｉｍｅ."               Ａｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｏｖｅｒｓａｗ               ｔｈｅ               ｖｏｌａｔｉｌｅ               ｅｒａ               ｉｎ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ-ｏｌｄ               ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ               ｃｌａｕｓｅ               ｗａｓ               ｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｅｄ               ａｎｄ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ               ｗａｓ               ｉｎａｕｇｕｒａｔｅｄ.

Ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ａ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｉｎ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｏｐ               ｐｌａｙｅｒ               ｓａｌａｒｉｅｓ               ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ               ｂｙ               ａ               ｆａｃｔｏｒ               ｏｆ               ｔｅｎ,               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｓｉｇｎａｔｅｄ               ｈｉｔｔｅｒ               ｗａｓ               ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｔｏ               ｂｏｏｓｔ               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｃｅ,               ａｎｄ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｌｅａｇｕｅｓ               ｗｅｎｔ               ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ,               ｂｏｏｓｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｕｍｂｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               20               ｔｏ               26,               ｔｏ               ｆａｃｉｌｉｔａｔｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ａ               ｔｗｏ-ｔｉｅｒｅｄ               ｐｌａｙｏｆｆ               ｓｙｓｔｅｍ.
Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ,               ｄｅｓｐｉｔｅ               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ｖｉｃｉｏｕｓｌｙ               ｃｒｉｔｉｃｉｚｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｔｅａｍ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ,               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｕｎｉｏｎ,               ａｓ               ｗｅｌｌ               ａｓ               ｂｙ               ｆａｎｓ               ａｎｄ               ｓｐｏｒｔｓｗｒｉｔｅｒｓ,               ｗａｓ               ｈｅａｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｏｅ               ａ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｍａｎ.

Ｂｅｆｏｒｅ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ａｐｐｏｉｎｔｅｄ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｂｙ               ＭＬＢ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｈｅ               ｓｅｒｖｅｄ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ａｎｄ               ＭＬＢ               ｌｅｇａｌ               ｃｏｕｎｓｅｌ               ｆｏｒ               ａｌｍｏｓｔ               20               ｙｅａｒｓ.

Ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇ               ｏｆ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｒｅｉｇｎ,               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｄｅｎｉｇｒａｔｅｄ               ａｓ               ｗａｌｋｉｎｇ               ｃｏｒｐｓｅ,               ｏｖｅｒｓｈａｄｏｗｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｆｏｏｔｂａｌｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ.

Ｉｔｓ               ｓｏｂｒｉｑｕｅｔ               "Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ'ｓ               Ｐａｓｔｉｍｅ"               ｗａｓ               ｂｅｃｏｍｉｎｇ               ａ               ｊｏｋｅ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｏｒｔ               ｗａｓ               ｃｒｉｔｉｃｉｚｅｄ               ａｓ               ｔｏｏ               ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｖｅ,               ａｎｄ               ｏｕｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｏｕｃｈ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｉｍｅｓ.
               Ｕｎｄｅｒ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ,               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｍａｎａｇｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｅ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｓｕｚｅｒａｉｎｔｙ               ｏｖｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｏｒｔ,               ｂｕｔ               ｏｎ               ｌｅｓｓ               ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｏｕｓ               ｔｅｒｍｓ               ｔｈａｎ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｐａｓｔ.

Ｆｏｒｔｙ               ｙｅａｒｓ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｄｅａｌ,               ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｂｒｏｕｇｈｔ               ｋｉｃｋｉｎｇ               ａｎｄ               ｓｃｒｅａｍｉｎｇ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               20ｔｈ               Ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ,               ｉｎ               ｔｅｒｍｓ               ｏｆ               ｌａｂｏｒ               ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓ               .

Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｏｒｔ               ｗａｓ               ｒａｃｋｅｄ               ｂｙ               ａ               ｌｏｃｋｏｕｔ               ｉｎ               1972               ａｎｄ               ａ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｉｎ               1981,               ｂｏｔｈ               ｏｆ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｓｈａｖｅｄ               ｍａｎｙ               ｇａｍｅｓ               ｏｆｆ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ               ｓｅａｓｏｎｓ.
               Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｉｌｉｔａｎｃｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｕｎｉｏｎ,               ａ               ｎｅｗ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｗａｓ               ｆｅａｒｅｄ.

Ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               '81               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｂｅｃａｍｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｃａｐｅｇｏａｔ               ｆｏｒ               ｍａｎｙ,               ｆｏｒ               ｈｉｓ               ｐｅｒｃｅｉｖｅｄ               ｆａｉｌｕｒｅ               ｉｎ               ｄｏｉｎｇ               ｅｎｏｕｇｈ               ｔｏ               ｆｏｒｅｓｔａｌｌ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               ｏｒ               ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ               ｉｔ               ｓｅｔｔｌｅｄ               ｏｎ               ｔｅｒｍｓ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｆａｖｏｒａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ.
               Ｗｈｅｎ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ｕｎｃｅｒｅｍｏｎｉｏｕｓｌｙ               ｒｅｔｉｒｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｈｅ               ｈａｄ               ｓｅｒｖｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｆｏｕｒ               ｄｅｃａｄｅｓ,               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｃｅ               ｗａｓ               ｂｏｏｍｉｎｇ,               ｈａｖｉｎｇ               ｒｅａｃｈｅｄ               ｒｅｃｏｒｄ               ｌｅｖｅｌｓ.

Ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｅｎｏｕｇｈ.
               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               Ｌａｗｙｅｒ
               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ｂｏｒｎ               ｉｎ               Ｔａｋｏｍａ               Ｐａｒｋ,               Ｍａｒｙｌａｎｄ               ｏｎ               Ｏｃｔｏｂｅｒ               28,               1926               ａｎｄ               ｒａｉｓｅｄ               ｉｎ               Ｗａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ,               Ｄ.Ｃ.,               ｔｈｅ               ｓｏｎ               ｏｆ               Ｌｏｕｉｓ               Ｋｕｈｎ,               ａ               Ｇｅｒｍａｎ               ｉｍｍｉｇｒａｎｔ               ｗｈｏ               ｗａｓ               ａｎ               ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａ               ｆｕｅｌ               ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ.

Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｇｏｔ               ｈｉｓ               Ｃｈｒｉｓｔｉａｎ               ｎａｍｅ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｈｉｓ               ｍｏｔｈｅｒ               Ａｌｉｃｅ,               ｗｈｏ               ｗａｓ               ａ               ｄｅｓｃｅｎｄａｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｅｇｅｎｄａｒｙ               Ｊｉｍ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ,               ｗｈｏ               ｄｉｅｄ               ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｌａｍｏ.

Ｈｅｒ               ｆａｍｉｌｙ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｉｎ               Ｍａｒｙｌａｎｄ               ｓｉｎｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               1600ｓ,               ａｎｄ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｃｏｕｎｔ               ｆｉｖｅ               ｇｏｖｅｒｎｏｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｔｗｏ               Ｕ.Ｓ.

Ｓｅｎａｔｏｒｓ               ａｍｏｎｇ               ｈｉｓ               ａｎｃｅｓｔｏｒｓ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ｙｏｕｎｇ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｊｏｂ               ｉｎ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｐａｉｄ               ａ               ｄｏｌｌａｒ               ａ               ｄａｙ               ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｃｏｒｅｂｏａｒｄ               ａｔ               Ｇｒｉｆｆｉｔｈ               Ｓｔａｄｉｕｍ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               Ｓｅｎａｔｏｒｓ,               Ｗａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ,               Ｄ.Ｃ.'ｓ               ｐｒｏ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｈａｐｌｅｓｓ               Ｓｅｎａｔｏｒｓ               ｇａｖｅ               ｒｉｓｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｌｏｇａｎ,               "Ｗａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ:               Ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｉｎ               ｗａｒ,               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｉｎ               ｐｅａｃｅ,               ａｎｄ               ｌａｓｔ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ."
               Ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｗａｒ               ＩＩ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ａｔｔｅｎｄｅｄ               Ｆｒａｎｋｌｉｎ               ａｎｄ               Ｍａｒｓｈａｌｌ               Ｃｏｌｌｅｇｅ               ａｓ               ｐａｒｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｖｙ'ｓ               ｏｆｆｉｃｅｒ               ｔｒａｉｎｉｎｇ               ｐｒｏｇｒａｍ.

Ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｎｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｗａｒ,               ｈｅ               ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ               ｔｏ               Ｐｒｉｎｃｅｔｏｎ               Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ,               ｗｈｅｒｅ               ｈｅ               ｔｏｏｋ               ｈｉｓ               ｄｅｇｒｅｅ               ｉｎ               ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓ,               ｇｒａｄｕａｔｉｎｇ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｈｏｎｏｒｓ               ｉｎ               1947.

Ｋｕｈｎ               ｔｈｅｎ               ｓｔｕｄｉｅｄ               ｌａｗ               ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               Ｖｉｒｇｉｎｉａ               Ｌａｗ               Ｓｃｈｏｏｌ,               ｆｒｏｍ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｈｅ               ｇｒａｄｕａｔｅｄ               ｉｎ               1950.
               Ｔｈｅ               ｎｅｗｌｙ               ｍｉｎｔｅｄ               ｌａｗ               ｓｃｈｏｏｌ               ｇｒａｄｕａｔｅ               ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄ               ａｎ               ｏｆｆｅｒ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               ｌａｗ               ｆｉｒｍ               Ｗｉｌｌｋｉｅ,               Ｆａｒｒ               &               Ｇａｌｌａｇｈｅｒ.

Ｈｅ               ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｌｙ               ｃｈｏｓｅ               ｔｈｅ               "ｗｈｉｔｅ               ｓｈｏｅ"               ｌａｗ               ｆｉｒｍ               ｔｈａｔ               ｃｏｕｎｔｅｄ               ｆｏｒｍｅｒ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｏｒ               Ｔｈｏｍａｓ               Ｄｅｗｅｙ               (ｔｈｅ               Ｒｅｐｕｂｌｉｃａｎ               Ｐａｒｔｙ'ｓ               Ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔｉａｌ               ｎｏｍｉｎｅｅ               ｉｎ               1944               ａｎｄ               '48)               ａｓ               ｏｎｅ               ｏｆ               ｉｔｓ               ｓｅｎｉｏｒ               ｐａｒｔｎｅｒｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｄｕｅ               ｔｏ               ｉｔｓ               ｄｉｓｔｉｎｇｕｉｓｈｅｄ               ｒｅｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎ,               ｂｕｔ               ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ               ｉｔ               ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ.
               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｍａｄｅ               ｈｉｓ               ｎａｍｅ               ａｎｄ               ａｓｓｕｒｅｄ               ｈｉｓ               ｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ               ａｓ               ａ               ｖａｌｕａｂｌｅ               ａｓｓｅｔ               ｔｏ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｈｅ               ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙ               ｄｅｆｅｎｄｅｄ               ＭＬＢ               ｉｎ               ａｎ               ａｎｔｉｔｒｕｓｔ               ｌａｗｓｕｉｔ               ｔｈｅ               Ｓｔａｔｅ               ｏｆ               Ｗｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｎ               ｆｉｌｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｓｔｏｐ               ｔｈｅ               Ｍｉｌｗａｕｋｅｅ               Ｂｒａｖｅｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｍｏｖｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               Ａｔｌａｎｔａ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               1965               ｓｅａｓｏｎ.

(Ｔｈｅ               Ｂｒａｖｅｓ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ａｒｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｌｄｅｓｔ               ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｔｅａｍ               ｉｎ               ｔｅｒｍｓ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｔｙ,               ｌｅｆｔ               Ｂｏｓｔｏｎ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               1952               ｓｅａｓｏｎ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｐｌａｙｉｎｇ               ｉｎ               ｔｈａｔ               ｃｉｔｙ               ｓｉｎｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｏｕｎｄｉｎｇ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｉｎ               1876.)               Ｎｅｉｔｈｅｒ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｍａｙ               ｈａｖｅ               ｋｎｏｗｎ               ｉｔ,               ｂｕｔ               ｔｈｅ               ＭＬＢ               ｌａｙｅｒ               ｗａｓ               ｏｎ               ｈｉｓ               ｗａｙ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｏｐ.
               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               1960ｓ
               Ｔｈｅ               1960ｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ａ               ｒｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙ               ｔｉｍｅ,               ｎｏｔ               ｏｎｌｙ               ｉｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ               ａｓ               ａ               ｗｈｏｌｅ               ｂｕｔ               ｆｏｒ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｔｏｏ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               (ｌｉｋｅ               ｉｔｓ               ｊｕｎｉｏｒ               ｐａｒｔｎｅｒ,               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ)               ｈａｄ               ｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｅｄ               ｏｆ               ｅｉｇｈｔ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｎｔｉｒｅ               20ｔｈ               Ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ,               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｅｘｐａｎｄ               ｔｏ               10               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｉｎ               1960.
               Ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｌａｔｅ               1950ｓ,               ｔｈｅｒｅ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｐｌａｎｓ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｔｈｉｒｄ               ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｂｒｉｎｇ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｃｉｔｉｅｓ               ｏｆ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ               ｔｈａｔ               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｈａｖｅ               ａ               ｔｅａｍ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｌｅｄ               ｂｙ               Ｌｏｓ               Ａｎｇｅｌｅｓ               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               (ｗｈｏ               ｈａｄ               ｂｒｏｕｇｈｔ               ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ｗｅｓｔ               Ｃｏａｓｔ),               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｏｕｔｆｌａｎｋ               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               (ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｔｏｏ)               ｂｙ               ｐｕｔｔｉｎｇ               ｎｅｗ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅｓ               ｉｎ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｃｉｔｙ               ａｎｄ               Ｈｏｕｓｔｏｎ,               Ｔｅｘａｓ               (ｔｈｅ               ｌａｔｔｅｒ               ａ               ｐｒｉｍｅ               ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ               Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ)               ｆｏｒ               1962.
               Ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｒｅａｃｔｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｅｘｐａｎｄｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               10               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｉｎ               1961.

Ｔｈｅ               Ａ.Ｌ.,               ｌａｃｋｉｎｇ               ａ               ｄｏｍｉｎａｎｔ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               ａｓ               ｄｉｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎ.Ｌ.,               ｗｅｎｔ               ａｂｏｕｔ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ               ｉｎ               ａ               ｈａｐｈａｚａｒｄ               ｗａｙ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｊｕｎｉｏｒ               ｃｉｒｃｕｉｔ               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｐｕｔ               ａ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ               ｉｎ               Ｌｏｓ               Ａｎｇｅｌｅｓ,               ｔｈｕｓ               ｉｎｖａｄｉｎｇ               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ'ｓ               ｔｅｒｒｉｔｏｒｙ,               ａｎｄ               ａ               ｎｅｗ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ               ｉｎ               Ｍｉｎｎｅａｐｏｌｉｓ,               Ｍｉｎｎｅｓｏｔａ,               ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ               ｐｒｉｍｅ               ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ               Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｃｉｔｙ.
               Ｗａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ               Ｓｅｎａｔｏｒｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｃｌａｒｋ               Ｇｒｉｆｆｉｔｈ               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｈｅ               ｗａｎｔｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｍｉｎｎｅａｐｏｌｉｓ/Ｓｔ.

Ｐａｕｌ               (Ｔｈｅ               Ｔｗｉｎ               Ｃｉｔｉｅｓ)               ｍａｒｋｅｔ               ｆｏｒ               ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ.

Ｇｒａｎｔｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ,               ｔｈｅ               Ａ.Ｌ.

ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｐｕｔ               ｉｔｓ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ               ｉｎ               Ｗａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ,               Ｄ.Ｃ.,               ｓｏ               ａｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｔｏ               ａｎｇｅｒ               Ｃｏｎｇｒｅｓｓ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｈａｄ               ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ               ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ               Ｍａｊｏｒ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ.
               Ｅｖｏｋｉｎｇ               ｔｅｒｒｉｔｏｒｉａｌ               ｒｉｇｈｔｓ,               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               ｆｏｒｃｅｄ               ａ               ｎｅｗ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ               ｔｅａｍ               ｌｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｈｉｓ               ｆｒｉｅｎｄ               Ｇｅｎｅ               Ａｕｔｒｙ,               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｗｂｏｙ               ｍｏｖｉｅ               ａｎｄ               ｓｉｎｇｉｎｇ               ｓｔａｒ,               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ａ.Ｌ.

ｃａｖｅｄ               ｉｎ,               ａｎｄ               Ａｕｔｒｙ               ｃｅｄｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ＴＶ               ｒｉｇｈｔｓ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｅｗ               Ｌｏｓ               Ａｎｇｅｌｅｓ               Ａｎｇｅｌｓ               ｔｅａｍ               ｔｏ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               ｆｏｒ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｙｅａｒｓ               (ｅｖｅｎ               ｔｈｏｕｇｈ               ｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｄ               ｈｉｓ               ｏｗｎ               ＴＶ               ｓｔａｔｉｏｎ,               ｏｎｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅａｓｏｎｓ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｅｄ               ｉｎ               ａｃｑｕｉｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               Ａ.Ｌ.

ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ,               ｓｏ               ｈｅ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｂｒｏａｄｃａｓｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅｓ)               ａｎｄ               ａｇｒｅｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｐｌａｙ               ｆｏｒ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｓｅａｓｏｎｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒｓ'               ｎｅｗ               ｓｔａｄｉｕｍ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｗａｓ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ｂｕｉｌｔ               ｉｎ               Ｃｈａｖｅｚ               Ｒａｖｉｎｅ.
               Ｆｏｒｄ               Ｆｒｉｃｋ,               ｔｈｅ               ｆｏｕｒｔｈ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｗａｓ               ｒｅｖｅａｌｅｄ               ａｓ               ｎｏｔｈｉｎｇ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｔｈａｎ               ａ               ｐｕｐｐｅｔ               ｏｆ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ               ｉｎ               1961               ｗａｓ               ａ               ｂｏｔｃｈ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｌｅｄ               ｔｏ               ａｎ               ｅｘｐｌｏｓｉｏｎ               ｉｎ               ｏｆｆｅｎｓｉｖｅ               ｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃｓ,               ｔｈｅ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｆａｍｏｕｓ               ｍａｎｉｆｅｓｔａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｗａｓ               Ｒｏｇｅｒ               Ｍａｒｉｓ               ｈｉｔｔｉｎｇ               61               ｈｏｍｅ               ｒｕｎｓ.

(Ｆｒｉｃｋ,               ｗｈｏ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               Ｂａｂｅ               Ｒｕｔｈ'ｓ               ｇｈｏｓｔ-ｗｒｉｔｅｒ,               ｐｕｔ               ａｎ               ａｓｔｅｒｉｘ               ｏｎ               Ｍａｒｉｓ'               ｒｅｃｏｒｄ               ａｎｄ               ｏｎ               ａｌｌ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｒｅｃｏｒｄｓ               ｓｅｔ               ｉｎ               1961               ａｎｄ               ｉｎ               1962               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｓｕｃｈ               ａｓ               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒ               Ｍａｕｒｙ               Ｗｉｌｌｓ'               ｎｅｗ               ｓｔｏｌｅｎ               ｂａｓｅｓ               ｒｅｃｏｒｄ.)
               Ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ               ｗａｓ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｏｒｄｅｒｌｙ,               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｅｗ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｈａｄ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｔｏ               ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ               ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ,               ｂｕｔ               ｉｔ               ａｌｏｓ               ｈａｄ               ｉｔｓ               ｅｍｂａｒａｓｓｍｅｎｔｓ.

Ｗｈｉｌｅ               ｔｈｅ               Ｈｏｕｓｔｏｎ               Ａｓｔｒｏｓ               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｅｍｂａｒａｓｓ               ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｍｅｔｓ               ｓｅｔ               ａ               ｒｅｃｏｒｄ               ｏｆ               ｆｕｔｉｌｉｔｙ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               20ｔｈ               Ｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ,               ｌｏｓｔｉｎｇ               120               ｇａｍｅｓ.
               Ｉｎ               ｏｒｄｅｒ               ｔｏ               ｃｏｒｒｅｃｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｌａｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ,               ｔｈｅ               ｐｉｔｃｈｅｒ'ｓ               ｍｏｕｎｄ               ｗａｓ               ｒａｉｓｅｄ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｍｅａｎｔ               ｂｙ               1968,               "Ｔｈｅ               Ｙｅａｒ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｐｉｔｃｈｅｒ,"               ｏｆｆｅｎｓｅ               (ａ               ｆｅａｔｕｒｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｉｓ               ｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙ               ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｈｉｇｈｅｒ               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｅ)               ｗａｓ               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ｓｔｉｆｌｅｄ.

Ｔｈａｔ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｂｅ               ｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄ               ｉｎ               1969,               ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ               ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ               ｙｅａｒ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｌｅａｇｕｅｓ               ａｄｄｅｄ               ｔｗｏ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ａｎｄ               ｓｐｌｉｔ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｗｏ               ｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｓ,               ｗｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｉｔｃｈｅｒ'ｓ               ｍｏｕｎｄ               ｗａｓ               ｌｏｗｅｒｅｄ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｃａｄｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               1960ｓ               ａｌｓｏ               ｗａｓ               ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｚｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ               ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｈａｄ               ｌａｇｇｅｄ               ｂｅｈｉｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｉｎ               ｂｒｉｎｇｉｎｇ               ｉｎ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ,               ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ               ｍａｒｇｉｎａｌｌｙ               ｉｎ               ｉｔｓ               ｒｅｃｒｕｉｔｍｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｍｉｎｏｒｉｔｙ               ｂａｌｌｐｌａｙｅｒｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｎ.Ｌ.,               ｍｅａｎｗｈｉｌｅ,               ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｕｍｂｅｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｉｔｓ               Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               ａｎｄ               Ｌａｔｉｎｏ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ.

Ｉｔ               ｂｅｃａｍｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｏｍｉｎａｎｔ               ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               1960ｓ,               ａｓ               ｉｔｓ               Ａｌｌ-Ｓｔａｒ               ｓｑｕａｄｓ               ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕａｌｌｙ               ｄｅｆｅａｔｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｓｔ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｅｓｓ-ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ               Ａ.Ｌ.
               (Ｔｏ               ｂｏｏｓｔ               ｉｔｓ               ｏｆｆｅｎｓｅ               ａｎｄ               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｃｅ,               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ａｄｏｐｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｓｉｇｎａｔｅｄ               ｈｉｔｔｅｒ               ｒｕｌｅ               ｉｎ               1973,               ａｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ               ａ               ｂａｔｔｅｒ               ｔｏ               ｈｉｔ               ｉｎ               ｐｌａｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｉｔｃｈｅｒ.

Ｉｒｏｎｉｃａｌｌｙ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｄ.Ｈ.

ｗａｓ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｂａｃｋ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               1930ｓ,               ｗｈｅｎ               ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ｌａｇｇｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               Ａ.Ｌ.

ｉｎ               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｃｅ               ｄｕｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｒｅｐｏｎｄｅｒａｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｒ,               ｃｒｏｗｄ               ｐｌｅａｓｉｎｇ               Ｂａｂｅ               Ｒｕｔｈ-ｓｔｙｌｅ               ｐｏｗｅｒ               ｈｉｔｔｅｒｓ               --               ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               Ｂａｂｅ               ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ               --               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｊｕｎｉｏｒ               ｃｉｒｃｕｉｔ.)
               Ｉｎｔｅｒｉｍ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ
               Ｔｈｅ               ａｇｉｎｇ               Ｆｏｒｄ               Ｆｒｉｃｋ               ｗａｓ               ｎｏｔ               ｔｅｎｄｅｒｅｄ               ａ               ｎｅｗ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｈｉｓ               ｓｅｃｏｎｄ               ｔｅｒｍ               ａｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｅｘｐｉｒｅｄ               ｉｎ               1965.

Ｔｈｅ               ＭＬＢ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｉｎｓｔｅａｄ               ｉｍｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙ               ｈｉｒｅｄ               Ａｉｒ               Ｆｏｒｃｅ               Ｌｉｅｕｔｅｎａｎｔ               Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ               Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍ               Ｅｃｋｅｒｔ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｏｕｒｔｈ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｅｖｅｎ               ｔｈｏｕｇｈ               ｈｅ               ｈａｄ               ｌｉｔｔｌｅ               ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｆｒａｎｋｌｙ,               ｗｅｒｅ               ｌｏｏｋｉｎｇ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｐｕｐｐｅｔ,               ｓｏ               ｔｈｅｙ               ｇａｖｅ               Ｅｃｋｅｒｔ               ａ               ｓｅｖｅｎ-ｙｅａｒ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ.
               Ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               1968               ｓｅａｓｏｎ,               ＭＬＢ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｍａｒｓｈａｌｅｄ               ｂｙ               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               (ｎｏｗ               ｔｈｅ               ｍｏｓｔ               ｐｏｗｅｒｆｕｌ               ｍａｎ               ｉｎ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ)               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｆｏｒｃｅｄ               ｏｕｔ               Ｅｃｋｅｒｔ,               ｗｈｏｓｅ               ｉｎｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ               ｗａｓ               ｎｏｗ               ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ               ａ               ｈｉｎｄｒａｎｃｅ.

Ｅｃｋｅｒｔ               ｗａｓｎ'ｔ               ｓａｖｖｙ               ａｂｏｕｔ               ＭＬＢ               ｐｏｌｉｔｉｃｓ.

Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｄ               ｂｙ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               ａｎｄ               ａ               ｆｅｗ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｗｈｏ               ｗｉｅｌｄｅｄ               ａｎ               ｉｎｏｒｄｉｎａｔｅ               ａｍｏｕｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ               ｏｖｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ａｂｓｏｌｕｔｅｌｙ               ｏｐｐｏｓｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｌｅｄｇｌｉｎｇ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｕｎｉｏｎ               ｔｈａｔ               ｈａｄ               ｈｉｒｅｄ               Ｕｎｉｔｅｄ               Ｓｔｅｅｌｗｏｒｋｅｒｓ'               ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｓｔ               Ｍａｒｖｉｎ               Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ               ａｓ               ｉｔｓ               ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ               ｉｎ               1966.
               Ｍａｒｖｉｎ               Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ,               ａ               ｖｅｔｅｒａｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｌａｂｏｒ               ｗａｒｓ,               ｗａｓ               ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｍａｋｅ               ｔｈｅ               Ｍａｊｏｒ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               Ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               Ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ               ｉｎｔｏ               ａ               ｂｏｎａ               ｆｉｄｅ               ｕｎｉｏｎ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｗｈｏ               ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｃｈａｔｔｅｌ               ａｎｄ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｂａｃｋｅｄ               ｕｐ               ｂｙ               ｔｗｏ               Ｓｕｐｒｅｍｅ               Ｃｏｕｒｔ               ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｕｐｈｅｌｄ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ               ｃｌａｕｓｅ               ｕｎｄｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｅｇａｌ               ｆｉｃｔｉｏｎ               ｔｈａｔ               ＭＬＢ               ｗａｓ               ａ               ｓｐｏｒｔ,               ａｎｄ               ｎｏｔ               ａｎ               ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ,               ｗｅｒｅ               ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｏｐｐｏｓｅ               ｈｉｍ.
               Ｔｈｅｙ               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｔｒｕｓｔ               Ｅｃｋｅｒｔ,               ｔｈａｔ               ｈｅ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｈａｎｄｌｅ               Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｕｎｉｏｎ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｕｒｔｓ,               ｕｎｄｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｌｉｂｅｒａｌｉｚｉｎｇ               ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｗａｒｒｅｎ               Ｃｏｕｒｔ,               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｐｒｏｖｅ               ｔｒｉｃｋｙ.

Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｈａｄ               ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙ               ｄｅｆｅｎｄｅｄ               ＭＬＢ               ａｇａｉｎｓｔ               ｔｈｅ               Ｓｔａｔｅ               ｏｆ               Ｗｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｎ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｈｉｆｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｂｒａｖｅｓ               ｆｒａｎｃｈｉｓｅ,               ｂｕｔ               ｓｕｃｈ               ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｕｔｕｒｅ               ｃｏｕｌｄｎ'ｔ               ｂｅ               ａｓｓｕｒｅｄ               ｉｎ               ｓｕｃｈ               ｒｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙ               ｔｉｍｅｓ.

(Ｉｔ               ｔｒａｎｓｐｉｒｅｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               Ｕ.Ｓ.

Ｓｕｐｒｅｍｅ               Ｃｏｕｒｔ,               ｕｎｄｅｒ               ｉｔｓ               ｎｅｗ               ｃｈｉｅｆ               ｊｕｓｔｉｃｅ,               Ｗａｒｒｅｎ               Ｂｕｒｇｅｒ,               ｐｒｏｖｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ａｓ               ｆｒｉｅｎｄｌｙ               ｔｏ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ａｓ               ｐａｓｔ               ｃｏｕｒｔｓ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ,               ｕｐｈｏｌｄｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ               ｃｌａｕｓｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               1971               Ｃｕｒｔ               Ｆｌｏｏｄ               ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ.)
               Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ               Ｅｃｋｅｒｔ               ｗａｓ               ｆｏｒｃｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｒｅｓｉｇｎ               ａｎｄ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ａｐｐｏｉｎｔｅｄ               ｉｎｔｅｒｉｍ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               ａｓｓｕｍｉｎｇ               ｏｆｆｉｃｅ               ｏｎ               Ｆｅｂｒｕａｒｙ               4,               1969.Ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｆａｉｌ               ｔｏ               ｋｅｅｐ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒ'ｓ               ｕｎｉｏｎ               ｉｍｐｏｔｅｎｔ,               ａｎｄ               ａｓ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｏｖｅｒｓｅｅ               ａ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｗｏｒｋ               ｓｔｏｐｐａｇｅ               ｉｎ               1972               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｔｏ               ｈｉｔ               ｏｒｇａｎｉｚｅｄ               ｓｐｏｒｔｓ               ｉｎ               1981.
               Ｔｈｅ               Ｆｉｆｔｈ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ
               Ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｏｆ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ａｓｓｕｍｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｓｔ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               (ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｃｏｎｆｉｒｍｅｄ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｆｔｈ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｉｎ               1970,               ａｎｄ               ｇｉｖｅｎ               ａ               ｌｏｎｇ-ｔｅｒｍ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ),               ｍａｎｙ               ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒｓ               ｃｏｍｐｌａｉｎｅｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｔｏｏ               ｏｌｄ-ｆａｓｈｉｏｎｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               Ｓｗｉｎｇｉｎｇ               Ｓｉｘｔｉｅｓ,               ａ               ｄｅｃａｄｅ               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｓａｗ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｆｏｏｔｂａｌｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               ｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｌｙ               ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               ｐｒｉｍａｃｙ               ａｓ               "Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ'ｓ               ｐａｓｔ-ｔｉｍｅ.
               Ｕｎｌｉｋｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｌｏｗ,               ｓｔａｔｅｌｙ               ｐａｃｅｄ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｆｏｏｔｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｔｅｌｅｖｉｓｉｏｎ               ｆｒｉｅｎｄｌｙ,               ａｎｄ               ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ｔｅｌｅｖｉｓｉｏｎ               ｔｈａｔ               ｐｕｓｈｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｏｒｔ               ｔｏ               ｕｎｐｒｅｃｅｄｅｎｔｅｄ               ｌｅｖｅｌｓ               ｏｆ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｔｙ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               1960ｓ.

Ｆｏｏｔｂａｌｌ               ｏｖｅｒｃａｍｅ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               "Ｗｉｔｈ               ｉｔ"               ｓｐｏｒｔ               ａｓ               ｉｔ               ｆｅａｔｕｒｅｄ               ｖｉｏｌｅｎｃｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｂｅ               ｓｈｏｔ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｍａｎｙ               ａｎｇｌｅｓ,               ｗｉｔｈ               ｐｌａｙｓ               ｓｌｏｗｅｄ               ｄｏｗｎ               ａｎｄ               ｉｎｓｔａｎｔｌｙ               ｒｅｐｌａｙｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｍａｓｓ               ａｕｄｉｅｎｃｅ               (ｍａｎｙ               ｏｆ               ｗｈｏｍ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｔ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｕｔｃｏｍｅ               ｏｆ               ｇａｍｅｓ).
               Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｉｍｅ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｌｅｆｔ               ｏｆｆｉｃｅ               ｏｎ               Ｓｅｐｔｅｍｂｅｒ               30,               1984,               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗａｓ               ｅｎｊｏｙｉｎｇ               ｉｔｓ               ｇｒｅａｔｅｓｔ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｔｙ,               ｗｉｔｈ               ａｔｔｅｎｄａｎｃｅ               ｕｐ               ｆｒｏｍ               23               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ               ｉｎ               1968               ｔｏ               45.5               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ               ｉｎ               1983               ａｎｄ               ｍｏｎｅｙ               ｔｅｌｅｖｉｓｉｏｎ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｓ               ｈａｖｉｎｇ               ｖａｓｔｌｙ               ｅｘｐａｎｄｅｄ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｓａｍｅ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｆｒａｍｅ.
               Ｓｔｒｉｋｅ
               Ｉｎ               1972,               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｉｎ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ'               ｕｎｉｏｎ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｍａｊｏｒ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               Ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               Ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ               ＭＬＢＰＡ),               ｈａｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｇｏ               ｏｕｔ               ｏｎ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｏｎ               ｏｐｅｎｉｎｇ               ｄａｙ,               Ａｐｒｉｌ               1ｓｔ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｌａｓｔｅｄ               13               ｄａｙｓ,               ｅｎｄｉｎｇ               ｏｎ               Ａｐｒｉｌ               13ｔｈ,               ｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｎｇ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｃａｎｃｅｌｌａｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               86               ｇａｍｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｎｅｖｅｒ               ｍａｄｅ               ｕｐ,               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｒｅｆｕｓｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｐａｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅｓ               ｍｉｓｓｅｄ.
               Ｔｈｅ               1972               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｃｒｅａｔｅｄ               ａ               ｈｉｇｈｌｙ               ｕｎｕｓｕａｌ               ｓｃｈｅｄｕｌｅ,               ａｓ               ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｐｌａｙｅｄ               ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ               ｎｕｍｂｅｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｇａｍｅｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               Ｂｏｓｔｏｎ               Ｒｅｄ               Ｓｏｘ               ｌｏｓｔ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               Ｅａｓｔ               ｐｅｎｎａｎｔ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｅｔｒｏｉｔ               Ｔｉｇｅｒｓ               ｂｙ               ｈａｌｆ-ａ-ｇａｍｅ,               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ＢｏＳｏｘ               ｈａｄ               ｐｌａｙｅｄ               ｏｎｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｌｅｓｓ               ｔｈａｎ               Ｄｅｔｒｏｉｔ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ＭＬＢＰＡ               ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｌｌｙ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｆｏｒｍｅｄ               ｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙ               ｔｏ               ｌｏｂｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｈｉｇｈｅｒ               ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｓ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｐｅｎｓｉｏｎ               ｆｕｎｄ.

Ｍａｒｖｉｎ               Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ               ｍａｄｅ               ｉｔ               ｉｎｔｏ               ａ               ｒｅａｌ               ｕｎｉｏｎ,               ｗｈｅｎ               ｈｅ               ｔｏｏｋ               ｏｖｅｒ               ｉｎ               1966.

Ｔｈｅ               '72               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｗａｓ               ｓｅｔｔｌｅｄ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ａｇｒｅｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｐｕｔ               $500,000               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ'               ｐｅｎｓｉｏｎ               ｆｕｎｄ               ａｎｄ               ｐｅｒｍｉｔｔｅｄ               ｓａｌａｒｙ               ａｒｂｉｔｒａｔｉｏｎ.
               Ｔｈｅ               1981               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｐｒｏｖｅ               ｍｏｒｅ               ａｃｒｉｍｏｎｉｏｕｓ.


               Ｆｒｅｅ               Ａｇｅｎｃｙ
               Ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ               ｃｌａｕｓｅ,               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ               ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗａｓ               ｆｏｕｎｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｕｒｔｓ               ｔｏ               ｂｉｎｄ               ａ               ｐｌａｙｅｒ               ｔｏ               ｏｎｅ               ｔｅａｍ               ｉｎ               ｐｅｒｐｅｔｕｉｔｙ,               ｗａｓ               ｆｉｎａｌｌｙ               ｏｖｅｒｔｈｒｏｗｎ,               ｂｙ               ａ               ｍｅｄｉａｔｏｒ'ｓ               ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ               (ｔｈｅ               Ｍｅｓｓｅｒｓｍｉｔｈ               ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ,               ｉｎ               1976).

Ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ               ｃａｍｅ               ｔｏ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ａｎｄ               ｒａｔｈｅｒ               ｔｈａｎ               ｒｕｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｏｒｔ,               ａｓ               ｗａｓ               ｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｉｇｈｔ-ｆｉｓｔｅｄ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｂｙ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ,               ｉｔ               ａｃｔｕａｌｌｙ               ｈｅｌｐｅｄ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｆｌｏｕｒｉｓｈ,               ｂｙ               ａｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｎｅｅｄｓ               ｔｏ               ｇａｉｎ               ａｃｃｅｓｓ               ｔｏ               ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ.
               Ｕｎｌｉｋｅ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｙａｎｋｅｅｓ               ｄｙｎａｓｔｉｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               1920ｓ,               '30ｓ,               '40ｓ,               '50ｓ,               ｅａｒｌｙ               '60ｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｌａｔｅ               '70ｓ,               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｙａｎｋｅｅｓ               ｒｅｐｅａｔｅｄ               ａｓ               Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ               ｃｈａｍｐｓ               ｉｎ               1977               ａｎｄ               '78               (ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ               ｄｅｂｕｔｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               1977               ｓｅａｓｏｎ)               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｈａｖｅ               ａ               ｒｅｐｅａｔ               ｃｈａｍｐｉｏｎ               ｕｎｔｉｌ               ｔｈｅ               Ｔｏｒｏｎｔｏ               Ｂｌｕｅ               Ｊａｙｓ               ｏｆ               1992               ａｎｄ               '93.

Ｍａｎｙ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｔｅａｍｓ               ｗｅｎｔ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙ-ｏｆｆｓ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｕｎｄｅｒ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ               ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ               ａ               ｓｕｒｇｅ               ｉｎ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｔｙ.
               Ｍａｎｙ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｍａｄ               ａｔ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｎｄ               ｏｆ               ｈｉｓ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｔｅｒｍ               ａｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｃｏｉｎｃｉｄｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ａｄｖｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ.

Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               ｍａｎａｇｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｒａｌｌｙ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｂｅｈｉｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｆｔｈ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ               ｑｕａｓｈ               ｔｈｅ               "Ｄｕｍｐ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ"               ｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔ.

Ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｇｉｖｅｎ               ａ               ｓｅｃｏｎｄ,               ｓｅｖｅｎ-ｙｅａｒ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ               ａｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｉｎ               1977.
               1981               Ｓｔｒｉｋｅ

               Ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｉｖｅ               Ｂａｒｇａｉｎｉｎｇ               Ａｇｒｅｅｍｅｎｔ               ｔｈａｔ               ｇｏｖｅｒｎｅｄ               ＭＬＢ'ｓ               ｌａｂｏｒ               ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｗａｓ               ｓｅｔ               ｔｏ               ｅｘｐｉｒｅ               ｉｎ               1981,               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔａｋｅ               ａ               ｈａｒｄ-ｌｉｎｅ.

Ｔｈｅｙ               ｗａｎｔｅｄ               ａ               ｒｏｌｌ-ｂａｃｋ               ｏｆ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ.

Ｉｎ               ｐｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ               ｆｏｒ               ｆｏｒ               ａｎ               ａｎｔｉｃｉｐａｔｅｄ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｔｏｏｋ               ｏｕｔ               ａｎ               ｉｎｓｕｒａｎｃｅ               ｐｏｌｉｃｙ               ｔｏ               ｃｏｖｅｒ               ｔｈｅｍ               ｆｏｒ               ｌｏｓｓｅｓ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ＭＬＢＰＡ               ｗｅｎｔ               ｏｕｔ               ｏｎ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｏｎ               Ｊｕｎｅ               12,               1981,               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｇｏ               ｂａｃｋ               ｔｏ               ｗｏｒｋ               ｕｎｔｉｌ               Ａｕｇｕｓｔ               9ｔｈ,               ａｆｔｅｒ               ａ               ｓｅｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ               ｗａｓ               ｒｅａｃｈｅｄ               ｏｎ               Ｊｕｌｙ               31ｓｔ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｎｅｇｏｔｉａｔｉｏｎｓ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｅｘｔｒｅｍｅｌｙ               ｂｉｔｔｅｒ,               ｂｕｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｕｎｉｏｎ               ｄｅｃｉｄｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｇｉｖｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ａ               ｍｉｎｏｒ               ｖｉｃｔｏｒｙ               ｂｙ               ｍａｎｄａｔｉｎｇ               ａ               ｍｉｎｉｍｕｍ               ｏｆ               ｓｉｘ               ｙｅａｒｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｌｅａｇｕｅｓ               ａｓ               ａ               ｐｒｅｒｅｑｕｉｓｉｔｅ               ｆｏｒ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ.

Ｔｈｅｙ               ａｌｓｏ               ａｌｌｏｗｅｄ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｗｈｏ               ｌｏｓｔ               ａ               "ｐｒｅｍｉｕｍ"               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｔ               ｔｏ               ｈａｖｅ               ａ               ｐｌａｙｅｒ               ｆｒｏｍ               ａ               ｌｉｓｔ               ｏｆ               ｕｎｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｅｄ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ａｌｌ               ＭＬＢ               ｃｌｕｂｓ               ａｓ               ｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎ.
               Ｔｈｅ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｗｉｐｅｄ               ｏｕｔ               713               ｇａｍｅｓ,               ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｉｎｇ               38%               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｎｔｉｒｅ               ｓｅａｓｏｎ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｌｏｓｓｅｓ               ｔｏ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｓｉｄｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｐａｒｔｉｅｓ               ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ               ｓｕｃｈ               ａｓ               ｒａｄｉｏ               ａｎｄ               ＴＶ               ｂｒｏａｄｃａｓｔｅｒｓ               ｔｏｔａｌｅｄ               $146               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ'               ｌｏｓｓ               ｗａｓ               $72               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ.

Ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｌｙ,               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｇａｖｅ               ｉｎ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｉｎｓｕｒａｎｃｅ               ｃｏｖｅｒａｇｅ               ｈａｄ               ｒｕｎ               ｏｕｔ.
               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ｈｅａｖｉｌｙ               ｃｒｉｔｉｃｉｚｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｎｏｔ               ｄｏｉｎｇ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｔｏ               ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               ｏｒ               ｏｎｃｅ               ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ｕｎｄｅｒｗａｙ,               ｔｏ               ｓｔｏｐ               ｉｔ.

Ｒｅｄ               Ｓｍｉｔｈ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｐｕｌｉｔｚｅｒ               Ｐｒｉｚｅ-ｗｉｎｎｉｎｇ               ｓｐｏｒｔｓｗｒｔｉｅｒ               ｗｈｏ               ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｊ.

Ｇ.

Ｔａｙｌｏｒ               Ｓｐｉｎｋ               Ａｗａｒｄ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               Ｈａｌｌ               ｏｆ               Ｆａｍｅ,               ｓａｉｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               "ｔｈｉｓ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｗｏｕｌｄｎ'ｔ               ｈａｖｅ               ｈａｐｐｅｎｅｄ               ｉｆ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗｅｒｅ               ａｌｉｖｅ               ｔｏｄａｙ."
               Ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｄｉｓｓａｔｉｓｆｉｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｕｔｃｏｍｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               1981               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               ａｓ               ｉｔ               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｐｕｔ               ａ               ｂｒａｋｅ               ｏｎ               ｓｐｉｒａｌｉｎｇ               ｐｌａｙｅｒ               ｓａｌａｒｉｅｓ.

Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｌａｃｋ               ｏｆ               ｄｅｃｉｓｉｖｅｎｅｓｓ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               ｈｉｓ               ｌａｃｋ               ｏｆ               ｕｔｉｌｉｔｙ               ｉｎ               ｃｕｒｂｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｕｎｉｏｎ,               ｐｌｕｓ               ｈｉｓ               ｐｕｂｌｉｃ               ｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ               ｏｆ               ｈｉｍｓｅｌｆ               ａｓ               ａ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｉｎｇ               ｅｑｕａｌｌｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｎｓ               (ｗｈｉｌｅ               ｉｎ               ｆａｃｔ,               ｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ               ａｓ               ａ               ｄｏｇｓｂｏｄｙ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ)               ｅｒｏｄｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ'               ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔ               ｆｏｒ               ｈｉｍ.

Ｔｈｅ               '81               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ               ｌｉｋｅｌｙ               ｄｏｏｍｅｄ               ｈｉｓ               ｄｒｅａｍ               ｏｆ               ｂｅｃｏｍｉｎｇ               ａ               ｔｈｒｅｅ-ｔｅｒｍ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ.


               Ｄｉｓｃｉｐｌｉｎａｒｉａｎ
               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｐｒｏｖｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ａ               ｆｉｒｍ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｗｈｅｎ               ｉｔ               ｃａｍｅ               ｔｏ               ｍａｔｔｅｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｄｉｓｃｉｐｌｉｎｅ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ,               ｔｈｏｕｇｈ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｃｒｉｔｉｃｉｚｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｓｔ               ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｓ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               (ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｗａｓ               ｎａｔｕｒａｌ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ａｐｐｏｉｎｔｅｄ               ｂｙ               ａｎｄ               ｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ               ａｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌｅａｓｕｒｅ               ｏｆ               ＭＬＢ'ｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ).

Ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｈｉｓ               ｔｅｎｕｒｅ,               ｈｅ               ｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｅｄ               ｎｕｍｅｒｏｕｓ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｆｏｒ               ｄｒｕｇ               ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｍｅｎｔ               ａｎｄ               ｂａｒｒｅｄ               ｂｏｔｈ               Ｗｉｌｌｉｅ               Ｍａｙｓ               (ｉｎ               1979)               ａｎｄ
               Ｍｉｃｋｅｙ               Ｍａｎｔｌｅ               (ｉｎ               1983)               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｐｏｒｔ               ｄｕｅ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｍｅｎｔ               ｉｎ               ｃａｓｉｎｏ               ｐｒｏｍｏｔｉｏｎ.

(Ｂｏｔｈ               ｓｕｐｅｒｓｔａｒｓ               ｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｒｅｉｎｓｔａｔｅｄ               ｂｙ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｏｒ,               Ｐｅｔｅｒ               Ｕｅｂｅｒｒｏｔｈ,               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｈｅ               ａｓｓｕｍｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｏｓｔ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｉｎ               1985).

Ｈｅ               ａｌｓｏ               ｌｅｖｉｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｓｕｓｐｅｎｓｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｙａｎｋｅｅｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｇｅｏｒｇｅ               Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｒｅｎｎｅｒ,               ａｆｔｅｒ               "Ｔｈｅ               Ｂｏｓｓ"               ｗａｓ               ｃｏｎｖｉｃｔｅｄ               ｏｆ               ｍａｋｉｎｇ               ｉｌｌｅｇａｌ               ｃａｍｐａｉｇｎ               ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ               ｔｏ               Ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ               Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄ               Ｍ.

Ｎｉｘｏｎ'ｓ               ｒｅｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ               ｃａｍｐａｉｇｎ.

(Ｓｔｅｉｎｂｒｅｎｎｅｒ               ｆｅｌｔ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｕｎｆａｉｒｌｙ               ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ               ａｓ               ｈｅ,               ａ               ｓｈｉｐ               ｂｕｉｌｄｅｒ               ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ               ｕｐｏｎ               ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔｓ               ａｎｄ               ａ               ｍｅｍｂｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｄｅｍｏｃｒａｔｉｃ               Ｐａｒｔｙ               ｔｏ               ｂｏｏｔ,               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｓｈａｋｅｎ               ｄｏｗｎ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｒｒｕｐｔ               Ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ.)
               Ｏａｋｌａｎｄ               Ａ'ｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｃｈａｒｌｅｓ               Ｏ.

Ｆｉｎｌｅｙ               ａｌｓｏ               ｉｎｃｕｒｒｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｗｒａｔｈ               ｏｆ               Ｋｕｈｎ.

Ｉｔ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               Ｆｉｎｌｅｙ'ｓ               ｉｄｅａ               ｔｏ               ｓｔａｇｅ               Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ               ｇａｍｅｓ               ａｔ               ｎｉｇｈｔ               ｓｏ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅｙ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ａｔｔｒａｃｔ               ａ               ｌａｒｇｅｒ               ＴＶ               ａｕｄｉｅｎｃｅ,               ａｎ               ｉｎｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｅｄ               ｉｎ               1971.

Ｆｉｎｌｅｙ               ｄｉｄｎ'ｔ               ｌｉｋｅ               ｉｔ               ｔｈａｔ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｓｅｅｍｉｎｇｌｙ               ｗａｓ               ｃｒｅｄｉｔｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｈｉｓ               ｉｄｅａ.
               Ｆｉｎｌｅｙ               ｐｒｏｖｅｄ               ａ               ｍａｊｏｒ               ｅｍｂａｒｒａｓｓｍｅｎｔ               ｔｏ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               (ｂｏｔｈ               ａｓ               ｓｐｏｒｔ               ａｎｄ               ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ)               ｗｈｅｎ               ｈｅ               ｆｏｒｃｅｄ               ｓｅｃｏｎｄ               ｂａｓｅｍａｎ               Ｍｉｋｅ               Ａｎｄｒｅｗｓ               ｔｏ               ｓｉｇｎ               ａ               ｆａｌｓｅ               ａｆｆｉｄａｖｉｔ               ｓａｙｉｎｇ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｉｎｊｕｒｅｄ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｈｅ               ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｄ               ｔｗｏ               ｃｏｎｓｅｃｕｔｉｖｅ               ｅｒｒｏｒｓ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               12ｔｈ               ｉｎｎｉｎｇ               ｏｆ               Ｏａｋｌａｎｄ'ｓ               Ｇａｍｅ               2               ｌｏｓｓ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｍｅｔｓ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               1973               Ｗｏｒｌｄ               Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ.

Ａｆｔｅｒ               Ａ'ｓ               ｍａｎａｇｅｒ               Ｄｉｃｋ               Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍｓ               ａｎｄ               Ａ'ｓ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｌｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｔｅａｍ               ｃａｐｔａｉｎ               Ｓａｌ               Ｂａｎｄｏ               ｒａｌｌｉｅｄ               ｔｏ               Ａｎｄｒｅｗ'ｓ               ｄｅｆｅｎｓｅ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｆｏｒｃｅｄ               Ｆｉｎｌｅｙ               ｔｏ               ｒｅｉｎｓｔａｔｅ               Ａｎｄｒｅｗｓ.
               Ｉｎ               1976,               ｗｈｅｎ               Ｆｉｎｌｅｙ               --               ｉｎ               ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｃｙ               ｉｎ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｔｈａｔ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               "ｆｒｅｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｌａｖｅｓ"               ａｎｄ               ｆａｔｔｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｎｋ               ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｓ               ｏｆ               Ｍｅｒｃｅｄｅｓ               ｄｅａｌｅｒｓ               ｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｎｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               1976               ｓｅａｓｏｎ               --               ａｔｔｅｍｐｔｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｓｅｌｌ               ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｗｈｏ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ               ｆｒｅｅ               ａｇｅｎｔｓ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ｂｏｓｔｏｎ               Ｒｅｄ               Ｓｏｘ               ａｎｄ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｙａｎｋｅｅｓ               ｆｏｒ               $3.5               ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｂｌｏｃｋｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅａｌｓ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｇｒｏｕｎｄｓ               ｔｈａｔ               ｔｈｅｙ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｂｅ               ｂａｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ.
               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               Ｆｉｒｓｔ               Ｄｒｕｇ               Ｓｃａｎｄａｌ
               Ｔｏｗａｒｄｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｅｎｄ               ｏｆ               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ,               ｆｏｕｒ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｔｈｅ               Ｋａｎｓａｓ               Ｃｉｔｙ               Ｒｏｙａｌｓ               ｗｅｒｅ               ｆｏｕｎｄ               ｇｕｉｌｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｃｏｃａｉｎｅ               ｕｓｅ               ｉｎ               1983.

Ｉｎ               ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ,               ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ               ｓｔａｒｓ               ａｓ               Ｆｅｒｇｕｓｏｎ               Ｊｅｎｋｉｎｓ,               Ｋｅｉｔｈ               Ｈｅｒｎａｎｄｅｚ,               Ｄａｖｅ               Ｐａｒｋｅｒ,               ａｎｄ               Ｄａｌｅ               Ｂｅｒｒａ               ａｄｍｉｔｔｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｈａｖｉｎｇ               ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｄｒｕｇｓ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｄｒｕｇ               ｍｅｓｓ               ｔｈｒｅａｔｅｎｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔａｒｎｉｓｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｍａｇｅ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｂｕｔ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ｖｅｒｙ               ｆｉｒｍ               ｉｎ               ｄｉｓｃｉｐｌｉｎｉｎｇ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｗｈｏ               ａｂｕｓｅｄ               ｄｒｕｇｓ               (ｉｎ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｓｔ               ｔｏ               ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               Ｂｕｄ               Ｓｅｌｉｇ,               ｗｈｏ               ｉｇｎｏｒｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｓｔｅｒｏｉｄｓ/ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ-ｅｎｈａｎｃｉｎｇ               ｄｒｕｇｓ               ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｕｎｐｒｅｃｅｄｅｎｔｅｄ               ｎｕｍｂｅｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｈｏｍｅ               ｒｕｎｓ               ｈｉｔ               ｂｙ               ａｒｔｉｆｉｃｉａｌｌｙ               ｂｕｌｋｅｄ               ｕｐ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｗａｓ               ｄｅｅｍｅｄ               ｇｏｏｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ).
               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ｂｏｔｈ               ｐｒａｉｓｅｄ               ａｎｄ               ａｔｔａｃｋｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｈｉｓ               ｆｉｒｍ               ｓｔａｎｄ               ａｇａｉｎｓｔ               ｏｆｆｅｎｄｅｒｓ,               ａｎｄ               ｈｅ               ａｌｓｏ               ｈａｄ               ａｎｔａｇｏｎｉｚｅｄ               ｓｏｍｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｏｖｅｒ               ｈｉｓ               ｉｎｅｆｆｅｃｔｕａｌ               ｌｅａｄｅｒｓｈｉｐ               ｄｕｒｉｎｇ               ｔｈｅ               1981               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｓｔｒｉｋｅ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｅｎｄｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ａ               ｃｌｅａｒ               ｖｉｃｔｏｒｙ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｕｎｉｏｎ.

Ｉｎ               1982,               ｓｏｍｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｏｒｇａｎｉｚｅｄ               ａ               ｍｏｖｅ               ｔｏ               ｐｕｓｈ               ｈｉｍ               ｏｕｔ               ｏｆ               ｏｆｆｉｃｅ.
               Ｉｎ               1983,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ａｎｄ               ｈｉｓ               ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｒｓ               ｍａｄｅ               ａ               ｌａｓｔ-ｄｉｔｃｈ               ｅｆｆｏｒｔ               ｔｏ               ｒｅｎｅｗ               ｈｉｓ               ｃｏｎｔｒａｃｔ               ｂｕｔ               ｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅｌｙ               ｆａｉｌｅｄ               ａｓ               ｍａｎｙ               ＭＬＢ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ｄｉｄｎ'ｔ               ｔｈｉｎｋ               ｈｅ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｈａｎｄｌｅ               ａｎ               ｕｐｃｏｍｉｎｇ               ｗｏｒｋ               ｓｔｏｐｐａｇｅ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ               ｕｎｉｏｎ.

Ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               ａｎｎｏｕｎｃｅｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｄ               ｗｉｔｈ               ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｍａｎ               ａｎｄ               1984               Ｌｏｓ               Ａｎｇｅｌｅｓ               Ｏｌｙｍｐｉｃｓ               ｏｒｇａｎｉｚｅｒ               Ｐｅｔｅｒ               Ｕｅｂｅｒｒｏｔｈ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｔｈｅ               1984               ｒｅｇｕｌａｒ               ｓｅａｓｏｎ.
               Ｌｅｇａｃｙ
               Ａ               ｌｉｆｅｌｏｎｇ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｆａｎ,               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ａ               ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｖｅ,               ｏｒ               ａｓ               ｏｔｈｅｒｓ               ｗｏｕｌｄ               ｐｕｔ               ｉｔ,               ａ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｐｕｒｉｓｔ.

Ｈｅ               ｄｉｄ               ｗｈａｔ               ｈｅ               ｃｏｕｌｄ               ｔｏ               ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｌａｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ               ｈｉｔｔｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｐｉｔｃｈｅｒ,               ｔｈｏｕｇｈ               ｉｒｏｎｉｃａｌｌｙ,               ｈｉｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒｓｈｉｐ               ｄｉｄ               ｓｅｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｄｅｓｉｇｎａｔｅｄ               ｈｉｔｔｅｒ               ｒｕｌｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ.
               Ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｕｎａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｍｂａｌａｎｃｅ               ｏｆ               ｐｏｗｅｒ               ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｐｌａｙｅｒｓ,               ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,               ａｎｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈａｔ,               ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｌｅｔ               ｇｏ.
               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｓａｉｄ,               "Ｉ               ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ               ｉｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｒｉｐ               Ｖａｎ               Ｗｉｎｋｌｅ               Ｔｈｅｏｒｙ:               ｔｈａｔ               ａ               ｍａｎ               ｆｒｏｍ               1910               ｍｕｓｔ               ｂｅ               ａｂｌｅ               ｔｏ               ｗａｋｅ               ｕｐ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｂｅｉｎｇ               ａｓｌｅｅｐ               ｆｏｒ               70               ｙｅａｒｓ,               ｗａｌｋ               ｉｎｔｏ               ａ               ｂａｌｌｐａｒｋ               ａｎｄ               ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｐｅｒｆｅｃｔｌｙ."
               Ｐｅｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ,               ｔｈｅ               Ｌｏｓ               Ａｎｇｅｌｅｓ               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｓｏｎ               ｏｆ               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ,               ｔｈｅ               ｍａｎ               ｗｈｏ               ｈｅｌｐｅｄ               ｍａｋｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               ｐａｉｄ               ｔｒｉｂｕｔｅ               ｔｏ               ｈｉｍ               ａｓ               ｈｉｓ               ｌａｓｔ               ｔｅｒｍ               ｗａｓ               ｎｅａｒｉｎｇ               ｉｔｓ               ｅｎｄ..
               "Ｈｉｓ               ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｔｅｇｒｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｗａｓ               ｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔ,"               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               ｓａｉｄ.

"Ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｈａｓ               ｎｅｖｅｒ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｍｏｒｅ               ｐｏｐｕｌａｒ."
               Ａ               ｇａｍｅ               ｄｅｒｉｄｅｄ               ａｓ               ａ               "ｌｅａｐｉｎｇ               ｃｏｒｐｓｅ"               (ｉｎ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｗｒｉｔｅｒ               Ｒｏｇｅｒ               Ａｎｇｅｌ'ｓ               ｍｅｍｏｒａｂｌｅ               ｐｈｒａｓｅ)               ｗｈｅｎ               ｈｅ               ｂｅｃａｍｅ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｈａｓ               ｒｅｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ               ｉｔｓｅｌｆ               ａｓ               "Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ'ｓ               Ｐａｓｔ               Ｔｉｍｅ"               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｉｍｅ               ｈｅ               ｌｅｆｔ               ｉｔ.
               Ｐｏｓｔ-Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               Ｃａｒｅｅｒ
               Ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ               ｈｉｓ               ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ               ａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｚａｒ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｒｅｔｕｒｎｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               ｌａｗ               ｆｉｒｍ               ｏｆ               Ｗｉｌｌｋｉｅ               Ｆａｒｒ               &               Ｇａｌｌａｇｈｅｒ.

Ｈｅ               ａｌｓｏ               ｗａｓ               ｎａｍｅｄ               Ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｋｅｎｔ               Ｇｒｏｕｐ,               ａ               ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ,               ｓｐｏｒｔｓ               ａｎｄ               ｆｉｎａｎｃｉａｌ               ｃｏｎｓｕｌｔｉｎｇ               ｆｉｒｍ.

Ａ               Ｒｏｍａｎ               Ｃａｔｈｏｌｉｃ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｂｅｃａｍｅ               ａｎ               ａｄｖｉｓｅｒ               ａｎｄ               ｂｏａｒｄ               ｍｅｍｂｅｒ               ｆｏｒ               Ｄｏｍｉｎｏ'ｓ               Ｐｉｚｚａ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｔｏｍ               Ｍｏｎａｇｈａｎ'ｓ               Ａｖｅ               Ｍａｒｉａ               Ｆｏｕｎｄａｔｉｏｎ.

Ｈｅ               ｓｅｒｖｅｄ               ａｓ               Ｃｈａｉｒｍａｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｃａｔｈｏｌｉｃ               Ａｄｖｉｓｏｒｙ               Ｂｏａｒｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ａｖｅ               Ｍａｒｉａ               Ｍｕｔｕａｌ               Ｆｕｎｄｓ               ｓｉｎｃｅ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｃｅｐｔｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅｉｒ               ｆｉｒｓｔ               ｍｕｔｕａｌ               ｆｕｎｄ,               Ａｖｅ               Ｍａｒｉａ               Ｃａｔｈｏｌｉｃ               Ｖａｌｕｅｓ               Ｆｕｎｄ,               ｉｎ               2001.
               Ｋｕｈｎ               ａｎｄ               ｌａｗｙｅｒ               Ｈａｒｖｅｙ               Ｄ.

Ｍｙｅｒｓｏｎ               ｆｏｒｍｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｆｉｒｍ               ｏｆ               Ｍｙｅｒｓｏｎ               ａｎｄ               Ｋｕｈｎ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ｅｖｅｎｔｕａｌｌｙ               ｄｅｃｌａｒｅｄ               ｂａｎｋｒｕｐｔｃｙ.

Ｈｅ               ｄｉｅｄ               ｏｎ               Ｍａｒｃｈ               15,               2007               ｉｎ               Ｊａｃｋｓｏｎｖｉｌｌｅ,               Ｆｌｏｒｉｄａ               ｆｒｏｍ               ｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａ.
               Ｈａｌｌ               ｏｆ               Ｆａｍｅ
               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｕｎｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙ               ｌｏｂｂｉｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               ａ               ｔｈｉｒｄ               ｔｅｒｍ               ａｓ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               ｎｏｔ               ｗａｎｔｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               ｒｅｌｉｎｑｕｉｓｈ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ               ｈｅ               ｌｏｖｅｄ               ｓｏ               ｍｕｃｈ,               ａｎｄ               ｆｏｒ               ｓｏ               ｌｏｎｇ.

Ｓｐｅａｋｉｎｇ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｅｘｔ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               ｈｅ               ｓａｉｄ               ｔｈａｔ               ｈｅ               ｓｈｏｕｌｄ               ｒｅｓｉｓｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｓ               ｏｆ               ｏｗｎｅｒｓ               ａｎｄ               ｏｔｈｅｒ               ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｓ               ｔｏ               ｓｅｌｌ-ｏｕｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｂｅｓｔ               ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｓ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｗｈｉｃｈ               ａｔ               ｉｔｓ               ｈｅａｒｔ,               ｗａｓ               ｔｈｅ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｆａｎ.
               Ｓｐｅａｋｉｎｇ               ｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｔｉｍｅｓ               ｉｎ               1984,               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｓａｉｄ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｎｅｘｔ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               "Ｈｅ               ｓｈｏｕｌｄ               ｔｅｌｌ               ｔｈｅ               ｃｏｍｐｒｏｍｉｓｅｒｓ               ｔｏ               ｇｅｔ               ｌｏｓｔ.

Ｔｈｅｙ               ａｒｅ               ｂｕｒｇｌａｒｓ               ｏｆ               ｏｕｒ               ｐａｔｒｉｍｏｎｙ.

Ｔｈｅｙ               ｗｉｌｌ               ｎｅｖｅｒ               ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｔｈｒｅａｔ               ｔｏ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ｐｏｓｅｄ               ｂｙ               ｓｕｃｈ               ｔｈｉｎｇｓ               ａｓ               ｌｅｇａｌｉｚｅｄ               ｇａｍｂｌｉｎｇ,               ｓｐｏｒｔｓ               ｂｅｔｔｉｎｇ,               ｄｒｕｇ               ａｂｕｓｅ               ａｎｄ               ｕｎｄｅｓｉｒａｂｌｅ               ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎｓ.

Ｈｅ               ｓｈｏｕｌｄ               ｕｓｅ               ｈｉｓ               ｐｏｗｅｒｓ               ｆｅａｒｌｅｓｓｌｙ               ｔｏ               ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔ               ｔｈｅ               ｉｎｔｅｇｒｉｔｙ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ.

Ｔｈｅ               ｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ               ｗｉｌｌ               ｃａｌｌ               ｈｉｍ               ｓｅｌｆ-ｒｉｇｈｔｅｏｕｓ               ａｎｄ               ｍｏｒａｌｉｓｔｉｃ.

Ｈａｖｅ               ｃｏｕｒａｇｅ.

Ｉｇｎｏｒｅ               ｔｈｅｍ."
               Ｉｔ               ｉｓ               ｓａｇｅ               ａｄｖｉｃｅ               ｔｈａｔ               Ｂｕｄ               Ｓｅｌｉｇ,               ｔｈｅ               ｓｅｖｅｎｔｈ               ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ,               ｈａｓ               ｉｇｎｏｒｅｄ.
               Ｎｉｎｅ               ｍｏｎｔｈｓ               ａｆｔｅｒ               ｈｉｓ               ｄｅａｔｈ,               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ               ｗａｓ               ｖｏｔｅｄ               ｉｎｔｏ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               Ｈａｌｌ               ｏｆ               Ｆａｍｅ               ｉｎ               Ｃｏｏｐｅｒｓｔｏｗｎ,               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               ｂｙ               ｔｈｅ               Ｖｅｔｅｒａｎｓ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅ,               ｂｙ               ａ               ｖｏｔｅ               ｏｆ               10               ｔｏ               2.

(Ｆｉｔｔｉｎｇｌｙ,               Ｄｏｄｇｅｒｓ               ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｗａｌｔｅｒ               Ｏ'Ｍａｌｌｅｙ               ｗａｓ               ｖｏｔｅｄ               ｉｎ               ｔｈａｔ               ｙｅａｒ,               ｔｏｏ,               ｂｙ               ａ               ｖｏｔｅ               ｏｆ               9               ｔｏ               3.

Ｍａｒｖｉｎ               Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ,               ｔｈｅ               ｌａｂｏｒ               ｂｏｓｓ               ｗｈｏ               ｃｈａｎｇｅｄ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               ａｎｄ               ｗｈｏ               ｐｒｏｖｅｄ               ｔｏ               ｂｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｎｅｍｅｓｉｓ,               ｄｉｄ               ｎｏｔ               ｍａｋｅ               ｉｔ.)
               Ｔｈｅ               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｔｉｍｅｓ               ｑｕｏｔｅｄ               Ｐｈｉｌａｄｅｌｐｈｉａ               Ｐｈｉｌｌｉｅｓ               ｃｏ-ｏｗｎｅｒ               Ｂｉｌｌ               Ｇｉｌｅｓ,               ａ               ｍｅｍｂｅｒ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｖｅｔｅｒａｎｓ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅ               ｗｈｏｓｅ               ｆａｔｈｅｒ               ｈａｄ               ｂｅｅｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｅ               Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ,               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ               ｂｅｈｉｎｄ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｉｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ               ｉｎ               ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ'ｓ               ｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅ               ｓｈｒｉｎｅ.

Ｉｔ               ｗａｓ               Ｇｉｌｅｓ               ａｎｄ               ｆｏｒｍｅｒ               Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ               Ｌｅａｇｕｅ               Ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ               Ｂｏｂｂｙ               Ｂｒｏｗｎ               ｗｈｏ               ｈａｄ               ｐｕｓｈｅｄ               ｆｏｒ               Ｋｕｈｎ'ｓ               ｅｎｓｈｒｉｎｅｍｅｎｔ.
               "Ｈｅ               ｗａｓ               ｒｅａｌｌｙ               ｆｏｒ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｎ....

Ｂｏｗｉｅ               ｋｅｐｔ               ｓａｙｉｎｇ,               'Ｗｅ               ｈａｖｅ               ｔｏ               ｋｅｅｐ               ｔｈｅ               ｆａｎｓ               ｆｏｒｅｍｏｓｔ               ｉｎ               ｏｕｒ               ｔｈｉｎｋｉｎｇ.'               Ｈｅ               ｈｏｎｅｓｔｌｙ               ｌｏｖｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               ｇａｍｅ."

               Ｎｏｔｅ:               Ａｎ               ｅａｒｌｉｅｒ               ｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ               ｏｆ               ｔｈｉｓ               ｂｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ               ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｌｌｙ               ａｐｐｅａｒｅｄ               ｏｎ               ｔｈｅ               Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ               Ｍｏｖｉｅ               Ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ
               Ｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ:
               ＢａｓｅｂａｌｌＬｉｂｒａｒｙ.ｃｏｍ,               Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ
               Ｎｅｗ               Ｙｏｒｋ               Ｔｉｍｅｓ,               "Ｂｏｗｉｅ               Ｋｕｈｎ,               80,               Ｆｏｒｍｅｒ               Ｂａｓｅｂａｌｌ               Ｃｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｅｒ,               Ｄｉｅｓ"
               Ｗａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ               Ｐｏｓｔ,               "Ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ               Ｐｌａｙｉｎｇ               Ｐｏｌｉｔｉｃｓ,               Ｋｕｈｎ               Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｅｄ               ｔｈｅ               Ｇａｍｅ               Ｗｅｌｌ"               ｂｙ               Ｔｈｏｍａｓ               Ｂｏｓｗｅｌｌ

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... not going to protect you and Americans even in their pitiful state, deserve some kind of chance to protect themselves from the real threat. Our government will certainly...
Klick from Florida State to Penn
leiterlawschool.typepad.com/ 03/30/2008
Jonathan Klick (empirical law and economics) at Florida State University has accepted a tenured offer from the University of Pennsylvania.
Mitchell from Florida State to Virginia
leiterlawschool.typepad.com/leiter/ 12/20/2005
Gregory Mitchell (behavioral law and economics) at Florida State University has accepted a tenured offer from the University of Virginia.

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